Einstein

Albert Einstein

Introduction

·       Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879, to April 18, 1955) was a German mathematician and physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity

·       Einstein wasn’t a very bright student. He even had problems with his speech

·       Einstein is best known by the general public for his mass-energy equivalence formula E = mc²

·       He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect"

·       Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers along with over 150 non-scientific works.

·        Einstein's intellectual achievements and originality have made the word "Einstein" synonymous with "genius".

Life change

·       In 1889 Einstein saw a wonder when he was four or five years old, Einstein saw a magnetic compass. The needle’s northward swing, guided by an invisible force, impressed him.

·       The compass convinced him that there had to be “something behind things, something deeply hidden”

·       At age 12, he found a book on geometry which he read over and over again

Work

·       In 1921, Einstein won the Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect

·       He developed the general theory of Relativity

·        He is best known for the mass-energy Equivalence (E = mc2)

·       He discovered the “law of Photoelectric Effect”

·       He established the “law of Quantum Theory”

·       He laid the foundation of “Photon Theory of Light”

·       He published more than 300 Scientific Papers. 150 Non- Scientific works

·       Noble Prize in Physics (1921)

1905: The Year of Miracles

·       In 1905, the same year as he submitted his doctoral thesis, Albert Einstein published four immensely important scientific papers dealing with his analysis of:

·       Brownian motion

·       the equivalence of mass and energy

·       the photoelectric effect

·       special relativity

Einstein’s Theory of Relativity Theory of Relativity

·       The theory simply states that the speed of light (constant, c) is the fastest speed in the universe and relates energy (E) and mass (M). It talks about how time and distance can change due to the different speeds of an object and its observer.

·       After this theory was proven right in an experiment in 1919 (deflection of light by the sun’s gravitational field) Einstein became famous overnight. He received invitations and honors from all over the world

·       The theory of relativity is actually two theories that Albert Einstein came up with in the early 1900s. One is called "special" relativity and the other is called "general" relativity. We will talk mostly about special relativity here.There are two main ideas that make up Einstein's theory of special relativity

·       The principle of relativity: The laws of physics are the same for any inertial reference frame.

·       The principle of the speed of light: The speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their relative motion or the motion of the source of the light.

E=mc²

·       In this mathematical equation, E stands for energy, m for mass and c for the speed of the light in a vacuum (ca. 300,000 km/s).

·       Einstein’s 1905 paper on the matter/energy relationship proposed the equation

·       E=MC2: energy of a body (E) is equal to the mass (M) of that body  and the speed of light squared (C2)

·       This equation suggested that tiny particles of matter could be converted into huge amounts of energy

Albert Einstein’s Inventions

·       Photons: He discovered that light is made up of small particles called photons and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.

·       Bose-Einstein Condensate: Einstein discovered a state of matter with another scientist, Satyendra Bose. Today it is used in things like lasers.

·       Atomic Bomb: Not directly connected with inventing it, but his Theory of Relativity is connected with the invention of the atomic bomb.

 Facts about Einstein’s

·       Thomas Stoltz Harvey removed his brain, reportedly without the permission of his family, for preservation and future study by doctors of neuroscience

·       His intelligence15 percent wider than in people with normal intelligence

Publication

·       Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers along with over 150 non-scientific works.

·       Einstein's intellectual achievements and originality have made the word "Einstein" synonymous with GENIOUS

Planting seeds growing minds

“Planting seeds growing minds”

WEB ADDRESS: https://blossoms.mit.edu/

MIT: stands for Massachusetts Institute of Technology

BLOSSOMS: stands for Blended Learning Open Source Science or Math Studies

Richard Larson is Principal Investigator of the MIT BLOSSOMS Initiative. He is Mitsui Professor of Engineering Systems and Director of the Center for Engineering Systems Fundamentals at MIT. He is also the Founder and Director of MIT LINC (Learning International Networks Consortium), and MIT-based international project that has held four international symposia and sponsored a number of initiatives in Africa, China, and the Middle East. Professor Larson first became interested in technology-enabled education when in the early 1990’s he saw what a valuable addition it was to the education of his own children. From 1995 to 2002, he served as director of MIT’s Center for Advanced Educational Services (CAES) where he focused on bringing technology-enabled learning to students living on the traditional campus and to those living and working far from the university, often on different continents.

History

During a visit to a rural school in China, BLOSSOMS founders Richard Larson and Elizabeth Murray watched as a videotaped lecture enlivened an otherwise cold, bleak classroom. The teacher paused the lecture from time to time to engage with the class. The interruptions worked, but easily, prompting Larson and Murray to wonder what would happen if they created video lessons that were designed to be interactive. They envisioned video lessons merged with engaging activities for teachers to do with their students.

So inspired, Murray and Larson set out to create BLOSSOMS (Blended Learning Open Source Science or Math Studies), a series of freely available interactive lessons presented in a widely accessible video format.

BLOSSOMS

A BLOSSOM is not alone in this effort. It is part of a movement called STEM Education (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Education). The stem is a new way of thinking about how to best prepare high school students for post-secondary education and participation in the modern economy, which more and more often requires people to think critically, work independently, and apply a wide set of sophisticated skills. BLOSSOMS aim to improve these in-demand skills and to increase student interest in careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

Education

For free education it includes Spanning five schools, architecture and planning; engineering; humanities, arts, and social sciences; management; and science and more than 30 departments and programs, an education at MIT covers more than just science and technology.

Arts, business, global languages, health and more complete an education at MIT, and the Institute makes freely available its class lecture notes, exams and videos through MIT's Open Courseware and complete courses are offered through the new online-learning initiative, edX.

Schools with MIT

·        School of Architecture and Planning

·        School of Engineering

·        School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences

·        Sloan School of Management

·        School of Science

Initiative of MIT

The MIT BLOSSOMS Initiative is an online repository of open math and science learning videos contributed by educators from the U.S., Jordan, and Pakistan and hosted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. By using this website, student and teacher can easily clear their concept.

 BENEFITS OF MIT

Video Summary: here you will find summary of video, what the video want to say

Biography: it’s about writer and editor who made this video

For Teachers: here, you can download lesson plan for video you are watching, dress format, teachers guide, getting dress, simple solution, graphical solution,

Additional Resources: here all web address and links and books are provided for more information

Transcript:  here you get all written format of video words to words and, here is another good thing is to evaluate by clicking evaluate you get three question was material relevant, how you can use, better, activities, changes as u suggest, interest, comment

Download: Video easily downloads, but you can’t change format

Comments: you can freely comment their

Non-commercial: There is no advertisement and all content are free

Privacy: you can download material without any registration and personal information

Contact: you can easily contact through Twitter, YouTube, and Facebook

Phone: 617-253-3604

Email: rclarson@mit.edu

Outline of website

Home

·        Here you will find, Notification, new videos, tips

About us

·        Here is all overview of website

·        The Video Library contains over 100 math and science lessons, all freely available to teachers as streaming video and Internet downloads and as DVDs and videotapes.

·        Ten countries partner, Pakistan,

·        Teacher duet pedagogy, 2 teachers at the same time can teach  

·        Focus not on me memorization or rote learning, but on developing critical and creative thinking skills.

Why we need an initiative like blossom?

·        We are all affected by the competitive forces of expanding economic globalization, biggest resources in world knowledge to complete these task we need new technology and skills.

Approaches?

·        Examine a topic from an unusual angle

·        Connect math and science to real-world problems show what real scientist

·        Make science fun!

·        Blossom is not a lecture, a typical lesson from a textbook

·        Approaches topic from a new direction

·        Connect math and science to real world

·        Active learning for student

The concept of blossom?

·        A concept that is difficult to teach

·        A coach widely misunderstood by students

·        A concept with real-world applications

Goal of MIT blossom?

·        Critical thinking skills

·        To learn a new style of teaching

·        Science technology engineering math connect

·        Increase student knowledge connect abstract concept to real world

·        Engage student in observation experiment discussion enhance development for critical thinking skills

·        All student need to be stem literate, Stem is not only for Ph.D. researchers. It’s for all of us

Videos

·        Sort by different topic

·        Suggest as you wish

·        Videos by language

·        Find a video, topic, language, and cluster

Languages

·        Arabic,English,Farsi,Hindi,Japanese,Kannada,Korean,Malay,Mandarin,Portuguese,Spanish,Urdu

Resources

It include resources from

•    MIT Resources

•    Biology Resources

•    Engineering Resources

•    Math Resources

•    Physics Resources

•    Science Resources

•    General Science & Math Resources

Partners

·        The current partners of MIT BLOSSOMS include universities from several countries, along with government agencies and/or other organizations that these universities are working on bringing MIT BLOSSOMS to their countries

•        Lahore University of Management and Science

•        The National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

•        Pakistan Virtual University

·        Punjab University

News

Here all news is about it events, lecture, and feedbacks

QUESTION ABOUT WEBSITE:

Any Particular technology?

Ø  There is no particular technology they used normal technology(laptop, internet, projector,digitalboard etc.), they mostly focused on activities and content, their purpose is to enhance critical skills and develop interest  of science and technology and teach student use of technology

1.    Simulation?

Ø  Yes, this site provide simulation of real classroom, video are design in such a way that student can interact with video demonstrator, actively participate during class.

2.    DOES MIT BLOSSOM PROVIDE OER?

Ø  Yes, this website provide free open education resources for all, without any age limits and without any payment, its free of cost and every one can approach this by clicking it web address.

3.    4.    Is it providing a virtual learning?

Ø  Not, at some extent it provide virtual learning environment but completely it does not  provide virtual learning environment, i-e

Ø  Here student can only watch and comment, but can’t get face to face interaction and live feedback, secondly the topic and video content is based on new technologies and knowledge that is not the part of curriculum of the child.

4.    Environment?

Ø  Teachers are overburdened by testing mandates and crowded, resource-poor classrooms. Enrichment in math and science takes a backseat to rote learning and classroom management. Teachers feel frustrated. Students get discouraged. And all too often schools fail to prepare young people for their futures. In contrast; we at BLOSSOMS hope to inspire students from around the world and from all walks of life to get involved. Our lessons show students, in a hands-on way, how exciting and fascinating math, science, engineering, and technology can be.

5.      Web-based content?

Ø  The BLOSSOMS project is sponsored at MIT by LINC (Learning International Networks Consortium), a global consortium of educators interested in using distance and e-learning technologies to increase access to quality education worldwide. A BLOSSOM is an “Open Educational Resource,” a web-based collection of materials offered freely and openly for re-use in teaching, learning and research. OERs such as BLOSSOMS help make education a right rather than a privilege by providing schools around the world with access to quality educational tools.

Ø  The content is mostly related to since, engineering, technology, mathematics, and BLOSSOMS aims to improve these in-demand skills and to increase student interest in careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

Ø  You can evaluate the content by clicking on evaluation option and suggest them about the new ideas.

6.      Elements do these sites have—such as animation, visuals, interactivity?

Ø  These elements include animation, videos, you can order DVD and download all content and  can translate into your desired language, generally, it contains 10 languages, another option can allow you to make your own video but for that, you have to follow rubric of MIT BLOSSOMS website.

7.      Do students better learn through this site?

Ø  BLOSSOMS lessons help prepare students for careers in the global innovation economy by teaching them to think. Each BLOSSOMS lesson connects seemingly abstract or dry concepts to the real world. More important, the lessons give students a real-world idea and the chance to play with it.

8.    Design elements assist with learning?

Ø  Yes, elements and design of web assist with learning, with brief instruction and explanation and with the help of different activities student can learn easily but it is difficult for student who belongs to  backward countries can’t understand it properly, because most contents are available in 1o different language  and Urdu language is not so developed as a result we can’t contribute much to this website, in my opinion this website is best for teacher ,they can easily download and implement this video lesson plan ,another good option is you can download transcript and all can visit all the resources  from that the video is made.

9.    Well do the sites they examined to meet the criteria for quality, validity, and accuracy and why?

Ø  Yes, this sites meet the criteria for quality and accuracy of content, here it engage students in observation, experiment, and discussion. Problem-solving activities stimulate students to think critically and to make connections that lead to “Aha!” moments. As students develop a deeper and richer understanding and intuition—what we sometimes call a gut feel for a concept they gain the confidence and inspiration they need to continue their math and science education beyond high school.

 https://blossoms.mit.edu/

Teachers Day

On this 5th October, it was world teachers day, a famous quote that

" you want to see nation development see  its teachers conditions"

Once I read that in recent days there were protest that I think in Germany their demand was to equal the pay of police and others as teacher pay .the judge reply was amazing he said

"you trying to become equal with that person who creates you for what u are today"

today our vice chancellor doctor idres address to us he said when I go to America first time their chief executive of department receive him from airport and take my suitcase he said first thing he was peon but after some time he introduce  that he is chief of his department I was astonished that a chief come to welcome me  that day I find reason why America is developed country.

A teacher is a most powerful weapon then atom bomb you know why, because he creates many scientist and engineers behind the development of this world there is only one community of world and that is teachers without teachers wold can't nourish.

Today teacher is forgotten his role and as a result, there were lots of teachers  but only a few that we call them teachers, at the end

Happy Teachers Day

My Student

Once again I am here to discuss another day of my third semester.Today it was my first experience as the teacher and as the observer.I get playgroup for observation and teaching and I get  one student very special he had some psychological problem, first he plays with me   and I was feeling very strange that he was kissing my hand and rubbing my hand on her face but after some time he starts fighting with others student and I try to stop him he start scratching my hand, as a result, I had some wounds on my hand, I asked ma'am what is problem with the child? but I don't find the answer!
After one week it was again my class with playgroup, and he was sitting in front of me on table I met him with smile and try to play with him and then I start teaching counting I find that he has a good handwriting but problem is that his parents and teacher don't give him enough time and attention, I spend  3 to four hour with him and he did better than others students but  he can't read it well .
I think it was a special task for me to teach but our education and teaching system is killing our child creativity and their future.
I need your suggestion that, ma'am told me to teach a child with strictness but i don't agree with him.what u all say about this!

mother Teresa beautiful words of wisdom and quotes of mother Teresa

third semister

once again i am with you all ,there is a great news that my third semister is started ,this time i has new teacher  and good thing is mostly are new teachers and one is old my communication teacher .all new teachers have different methodogy .i like a methodolgy of two teacher one is high order learning methodolgy ,he give us notes and makes our groups and give us time to study in twenty minutes and after twenty minutes he asked students what you understand?
and after getting student idea he share his idea,and second teacher methodolgy is strange ,he mostly focused on course outline and mostly explain things with funny and meaningfull examples.i like both teacher and mostly like second teacher because  he support when i speak.
i am giving you another interesting news  my school observation is started and best thing is i get  play group for which i was wishing.
OK friend meet u in next post

10 Minutes Pakistan Education System

THE BEST TEACHER

Today I was reading a book, a book that I read three times about the life of Holy Prophet (s.a.w).I find many interesting and amazing things that how an only one person can change the entire country.I find Holy Prophet (S.A.W) as the best teacher because i find every quality of the leader in them (psychologist, motivator, leader, speaker, writer, doctor and soft heart).A question arises "Why holy prophet S.A.W is the best teacher?

The Quran reply "we sent you as a teacher" if u study the life of Muhammad S.A.W you find that they were mostly busy in observation before Prophethood, they observe everything and ask a question about things, when they clarify their concept then they start preaching.

The best qualities of Holy Prophet S.A.W :

keen observer

good personality

speak only to share knowledge

listen to everyone carefully

never criticize anyone

never hurt anyone

always speak truth

they say never lose hope

give respect to everyone

 A GOOD TEACHER IS THAT WHO NOT ONLY INFORM HIS STUDENT BUT CHANGE THEIR ENTIRE LIFE AND GIVE THEM A PURPOSE IN LIFE.

internet browser

Internet browser

Introduction

·        An internet browser, also known as a web browser or simply a browser, is a software program that is use to access the internet and view web pages on computer

·        Web browser is a computer program used for accessing sites or information on a network 

·        It can be used to upload or download files

·        It also uses cookies to store information and it caches web pages to make internet surfing more efficiently

·        Browsers are all slightly different, but they all allow you to 'surf' the internet and access different websites

·        Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the world’s first web browser by the name of Worldwide Web in 1990 and later changed its name to Nexus gave people a basic way to view web pages

·        We can think of browser as gateway to the internet

·        The main purpose of an internet browser is to translate, or extract, the code that websites are designed in into the text, graphics, and other features of the web pages that are used to seeing today

·        Without browsers, the internet as we know it today would be impossible

·        E-commerce, online draws, social media, and many other things we take for granted today would be impossible without internet browsers

·        Internet browsers have developed into powerful tools that let you safely and quickly access your favorite websites

·        A Web browser acts as an interface between the user and Web server

·        Web user access information from web servers, through a client program called browser

FEATURES

·        All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the same time, either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window

·        A refresh and stop buttons for refreshing and stopping the loading of current documents

·         Home button that gets you to your home page

·         Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from "popping up" without the users consent

·        All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the same time, The ability to mute sound in individual

·        either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window

·        A refresh and stop buttons for refreshing and stopping the loading of current documents

·        Home button that gets you to your home page

·        Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from "popping up" without the users consent

·        The most popular types of internet browsers today include:

WORLD WIDE WEB

·        Worldwide Web was the first web browser. When it was written, Worldwide Web was the only way to view the Web. It was capable of displaying basic style sheets, downloading and opening any file type supported by the NeXT system, browsing newsgroups, and spellchecking. At first, images were displayed in separate windows, until Next Steps Text class supported Image objects.

Microsoft Internet Explorer

§  Internet Explorer (IE) is software of Microsoft. This is the most commonly used browser in the universe. This was introduced in 1995 along with Windows 95 launch and it has passed Netscape popularity in 1998.

·        In 1995, Microsoft introduced their first web browser by the name of internet explorer and it got the world’s first web browser award later in 2002.

·        One of the first graphical-based Web browsers and, at the time, the dominant browser in use with control of over 90 percent of the market.

·         Internet Explorer supports Java, JavaScript, , RSS, CSS , while also offering features like tabbed browsing, private browsing, and built-in malware and phishing protection.

·        Internet explorer has received criticism from many users who attributed many security flaws or incompatibility with web standards like 

·        Internet Explorer is generally the first component of Windows used in 1995 that is generally known as Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE or MSIE) containing a series of graphical web browsers and works only on Windows operating systems.

·        It also includes privacy protection such as malware and phishing that is built-in.

·        It mainly use over roughly 90% percent of the world in the market.

·        Most people started out using Internet Explorer the majority of the time when it comes to browsing the internet, checking emails, listening to music online, shopping online, and etc.

·        This was the first web browser consumers used in technology world before other web browsers came out

·        Pic browsers pie in 2012, 26% of the users on internet are using Internet Explorer but Google Chrome came in close to second place in the competition of usage share in April 2012 followed by Firefox and so on.

·        free to download at no cost

·        Offers every help option we looked for, including direct support via email and telephone

·        Provides speed and functionality,

·        Mostly used throughout the world

·        Bugs come in IE (Internet Explorer) users at different times and fixing them is time consuming

·        Microsoft is unaware of finding any bugs hidden within the browser to fix

·        Installation on software such as Adobe Flash Player

·        Lack of security in ActiveX controls

·        Lack of built in features to synchronize bookmarks

·        Confusion between 32 and 64 bit versions for IE

·        Lack of cross-platform experience (i.e. used in Windows but not Mac)

·        Huge target for hackers and cyber-thieves

Mosaic

·        Mosaic was developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA)

·        Mosaic was also the first browser to display images in line with text instead of displaying images in a separate window

·        In 1993, Mark Anderson invented a web browser by the name of Mosaic, which was very easy to use.

·        Mosaic was developed at the national center for supercomputing applications (ncsa) at the university of Illinois urbana-champaign beginning in late 1992.

·        ncsa released the browser in 1993,

·        Mosaic was also the first browser to display images in line with text instead of displaying images in a separate window

Google Chrome

·        This web browser is developed by Google and its beta version was first released on September 2, 2008 for Microsoft Windows. Today, chrome is known to be one of the most popular web browsers with its global share of more than 50%.

·        Is the name of the Web browser developed by Google Inc. that appeals to many users as it combines a design with advanced technology to make the Web faster, safer and easier to browse

·        Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google

·        Is faster, more easy to use than any Other Browser

·        Has an integrated menu page to translate any language you want And Some Other details.

·        It was first released as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on 2 September 2008, and the public stable release was on 11 December 2008.

·        Google Chrome was first released in September, 2008, for Windows, and later ported to Mac, Linux, iOS and Android devices.

·        One main feature of the browser has been speed.

·        Chrome offers a number of features such as instant search, auto-fill to complete forms, saved password retrieval, and Google account sign-in to instantly access recent tabs and searches across all your devices.

·        Other features include access to favorite pages instantly with thumbnails, desktop shortcuts to launch Web applications, and independently run tabs within the browser to prevent browser crashing.

·        Google Chrome is a freeware browser developed by Google using the Web Kit layout engine.

·         It was first release on Microsoft Windows operating system on September 2, 2008 in 43 different languages in beta version.

·        It was written in C++, Assembly, Python, and JavaScript. Currently, it is available in 52 languages.

·        Fast browsing performance

·        More control over your tabs

·        More dynamic home page for common used search engines and bookmarks

·        More speed and won’t slow down on your browsing through internet

·        Built-in Flash and PDF Support

·        Has sync capabilities that allow you to access your customized browser from any computer

·        Makes searching so much simpler

·        Ease of use ,Great security ,Free to download at no cost

·        Lack of parental controls

·        Minor site incompatibilities

·        Graphics hardware acceleration doesn’t work with all graphics cards

Mozilla Firefox

•        Firefox is a free and open source web browser developed for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux coordinated by Mozilla Corporation and Mozilla Foundation.

•        It was first version 1.0 released on November 9, 2004.

•        It is now available in about 78 languages worldwide.

•        The original title was Phoenix from the Phoenix Technologies and had to be renamed because of trademark problems.

•        It was renamed to Firebird which was a free database software project.

•        There was conflict in using the name and the matter was resolved when they renamed the browser again to Firefox.

•        Later on February 9, 2004, Mozilla Firebird became known as Mozilla Firefox then simply referred to as Firefox (FX, or FF).

•        Firefox was introduced to new comers who were used to browsing through Internet Explorer in the early 90s.

•        Majority of people may stick to this brand since it most popular browsers amongst its competitors based on its features and may allow secure downloads on applications and programs.

•        More secure privacy mode and downloading

•        More natural navigation

•        Contains simple interface

•        Offers lot of help and support on Firefox tutorial

•        Ease of use, More Customization, Speed and more compatible

•        Free to download at no cost

•        No thumbnail previews or mouse gestures however there are free plug-ins from Firefox Mozilla that address both these issues

•        Resource heavy “uses a heavy portion of memory to run

•        Is a free and open source web browser derived from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation.

•        Mozilla started on November 9, 2004

•        Firefox is a new browser derived from Mozilla.

•        It was released in 2004 and has grown to be the second most popular browser on the Internet.

•        The Firefox Web Browser is the faster, more secure, and fully customizable way to surf the web

•        Mozilla is a global community dedicated to building free, open source products like the award winning

·        Firefox web browser and Thunderbird email software.

·        It was released in 2004 and has grown to be the second most popular browser on the Internet.

·        Has a great acceptance by users who define it as safer, faster and better performance than Internet Explorer, also highlighting its simplicity and ease of use.

·        browser engine to display web pages supports several web standards including HTML

·        Mozilla Firefox offers many plugins, extensions, add-ons and the ability to customize its appearance,

·        Firefox also offers useful tools for web developers as the error console, DOM inspector or extensions like

·        Mozilla Firefox  known simply as Firefox is a free and open-source web browser developed for Windows, OS , and Linux, with a mobile version for Android

·        As of February 2014, Firefox has between 12% and 22% of worldwide usage, the third most popular web browser. According to Mozilla, Firefox counts over 450 million users around the world.

·        The browser has had particular success in Indonesia, Iran, Germany, and Poland, where it is the most popular browser with 55%, 46%, 43%, and 41% of the market share, respectively.

·        Easy to use, excellent accessories, continuous updates, excellent support, its only disadvantage is that it is slow to read pages in comparison of others, just a bit faster than explorer. Internet Explorer: Best for the chance user, it works, is slow but for the average user is not a problem and although it is extremely unsafe to most average or casual user I do not care about viruses or spyware while not noticing

Apple Safaris

·        Apple Safari is a Web browser available for the Windows operating systems as well as the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPod.

·        Safari is a graphical web browser developed by Apple and included as part of the Mac OS X operating system.

·        On the company’s Mac OS X operating system, it became Apples default browser

·        It was first released as a public beta in January 2003.

·        has very good support for latest technologies like XHTML, CSS2

·        Safari has been designed based on the principle that the most useful browser is one that "gets out of your way and lets you simply enjoy the Web."

·        At the heart of Apple's Safari browser is the Web Kit engine, which is responsible for functions like displaying graphics, translation fonts, running JavaScript and determining page layout.

·        Safari currently occupies the fourth position in the browser market behind Microsoft's Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome.

·        Apple Safari features include Private Browsing, privacy setting e-mail search bookmarks,

·        It supports operating systems: Mac OS X Leopard, Windows Vista SP1, and Ubuntu 7.10.

·        Safari on iPhone. Safari on iPod. Safari on Windows. Safari on Linux.

·        Initial release January 7, 2003

·        Safari is also the native browser for iOS.

·        Safari 5.1.7, released on May 9, 2012, is the last version available for Windows.

·        the fastest of all browsers at the time to read Java scrip, ideal to check pages with heavy graphics,

·        It uses for interpreting web pages and running JavaScript.

·        Highlight the speed of Safari, a very careful design, safety and the services offered, including resources for designers and programmers

·        Safari is web browser that was produced and developed by Apple Inc., which functions on a Mac OX, iOS, and Windows operating system. 

·        It was first put out in public on January 7, 2003 by Apple Inc.

·        It was Apple’s default browser known as “Panther” for Mac users and released on June 11, 2007 on Microsoft Windows operating system.

·        Safari is generally for Mac users who are operating Mac OS X 8.1 and onwards for later systems.

·        Page-load times impressive

·        Provides all of security features

·        Cleans up unnecessary junk

·        Great for Mac users and free to download

·        Speed compatibility

·        Extremely Fast to download for Mac users

·        Add extensions from Safari Extensions

·        Lack of customization options many competitors offer

·        Support system may be missing some options for users in FAQ section

·        Trouble with Google built-in search engine that can’t be change

·        Difficulty deleting cookies on exit automatically

Opera

·        Opera web browser was introduced in 1996, which has not shown well enough performance until today

·        Opera is smaller and faster than most other browsers, yet it is full- featured.

·         Fast, user-friendly, with keyboard interface, multiple windows zoom functions, and more. Java and non-Java-enabled versions available.

·        Ideal for newcomers to the Internet, school children, handicap and as a front-end for CD-ROM

·        Opera is a web browser and Internet suite developed by Opera Software

·         The browser handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, chatting on IRC downloading files via Bit Torrent, and reading web feeds

·        Opera is offered free of charge for personal computers and mobile phones

·        Opera is boasted as being the speediest and most standards-compliant of the current browsers in use, supporting such standards as 128-bit encryption, HTML and JavaScript.

·        Opera is available for use with the Linux, Symbian, Windows and Mac operating systems.

·        The browser handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, chatting on IRC downloading files via Bit Torrent, and reading web feeds.•

·        Opera is offered free of charge for personal computers and mobile phones

·         Editions of Opera are available for devices running the Android, iOS, Symbian, BlackBerry and Windows Mobile operating systems,

·         According to Opera Software, the browser had more than 350 million users worldwide (more than 270 million users with mobile versions)

·         Opera has been noted for originating many features later adopted by other web browsers.

·        Opera includes built-in tabbed browsing, a bookmarks bar, add-ons, and a download manager.

·        Opera has "Speed Dial", which allows the user to add an unlimited number of pages shown in thumbnail form in a page displayed when a new tab is opened.

·        Speed Dial allows the user to more easily navigate to the selected web pages.

·         One security feature is the option to delete private data, browsing history, items in cache and passwords with the click of a button. This lets users erase personal data after browsing from a shared computer.

·        Shows details about the website, including security certificates.

·        The browser checks the website that is being visited against blacklists for phishing and malware, and displays a warning

·        The Opera Software Company maintains a public web form where users can submit bug reports.

·        Is a web browser and Internet suite developed by Opera Software?

·        The browser handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, chatting, downloading files via Bit Torrent, and reading web feeds.

·        Opera is offered free of charge for personal computers and mobile phones.

·        , Opera is also known for its standards support - through its browser engine Presto

·        Opera was the first browser that implemented the tab system, and besides the common features of all browsers, , site personalization, thumbnail per tab and mouse movements in navigation, and has built Opera mail client Mail

·        Installed with good accessories, easy to use, slower than safari but still faster than the others, has many simple choices of those without the others (such as retrieving a page that you closed accidentally by just 2 click and not look at history or simply copy text and paste when you the option to paste and go).

for more details watch this

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_XFmMr6YYc&index=4&list=PLhzIH1Ec8AuS45yDuVMYQ9Gm67iC1579Q